Gise
01/02/2007, 23:41
Personal pronouns
I = first person singular (yo)
You = second person singular and plural (vos, tú, usted, ustedes)
He = third person singular masculine (él)
She = third person singular femenine (ella)
It = third person singular neuter (esto; se usa para animales o cosas)
We = first person plural (nosotros)
They = third person plural (ellos)
Possessive pronoun
I = my (mi)
You = your (tu)
He = his (su)
She= her (su)
It = its (su)
We = our (nuestro)
They = their (su)
Verb to be (ser o estar)
Present tense
Affirmative
I am
You / we / they are
He / she / it is
Negative
I am not
You/we/they aren't
He/she/it isn't
aren't = are not
isn't = is not
Interrogative
Am I ...?
Are you/we/they... ?
Is he/she/it...?
Past tense
Affirmative
I / he / she / it was
You / we / they were
Negative
I/he/she/it wasn't
You/we/they weren't
wasn't = was not
weren't = were not
Interrogative
Was I/he/she/it ...?
Were you/we/they... ?
1. Present simple
We use the simple present:
1_ for a state, unlimited by time: She lives in Chicago.
2_ for a routine or habit: They get up every morning at eight.
3_for thinks that are always true: Water freezes at zero degrees Centigrade.
Affirmative
I live here
you live here
he lives here
she lives here
it lives here
we live here
they live here
Negative
I don´t live here.
you live here
he doesn´t live here.
she doesn´t live here.
it doesn´t live here.
we don´t live here.
they don´t live here.
don't = do not
doesn't = does not
Interrogative
Do I live here?
Do you live here?
Does he live here?
Does she live here?
Does it live here?
Do we live here?
Do they live here?
1.1. Frecuency adverbs
Always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely and never are the most common frecuency adverbs. They tell us how often an event occurs.
They are placed between subject and verb, but sometimes, usually and often are also common at the beginning and end of clauses:
We always get to school by bus.
Sometimes I wonder why I talk to you at all!
They follow auxiliarity verbs, an the verb to be:
He is usually here at this time.
I have never seen a poisonous snake.
2. Present continuous
We use the present continuous:
1_ for an event happening at the moment of speaking: They are watching TV.
2_ for a state made to seem more temporary: He´s living with relatives at the moment.
Time expressions commonly used with the present continuous are at the moment and now.
Affirmative
I am eating my breakfast
you are eating your breakfast
he is eating his breakfast.
she is eating her breakfast.
it is eating its breakfast.
we are eating our breakfast
they are eating their breakfast
Negative
I am not eating my breakfast
you aren´t eating your breakfast.
he isn´t eating his breakfast.
she isn´t eating her breakfast.
it isn´t eating its breakfast.
we aren´t eating our breakfast.
they aren´t eating their breakfast.
Interrogative
Am I eating my breakfast?
Are you eating your breakfast?
Is he eating his breakfast.
Is she eating her breakfast.
Is it eating its breakfast.
Are we eating our breakfast.
Are they eating their breakfast.
There are some verbs that cannot normally be used in the continuous form. Verbs mainly used only in the simple form are:
1_ Know, understand, believe and similar verbs.
2_ Own, cost, belong to, contain, depend and similar verbs.
3_ Verbs of sensation such as see, hear and smell are often used with can or could.
-------
Avisen si algo está mal. Esto lo estoy sacando de mi viejo cuaderno de notas.
Saludos
I = first person singular (yo)
You = second person singular and plural (vos, tú, usted, ustedes)
He = third person singular masculine (él)
She = third person singular femenine (ella)
It = third person singular neuter (esto; se usa para animales o cosas)
We = first person plural (nosotros)
They = third person plural (ellos)
Possessive pronoun
I = my (mi)
You = your (tu)
He = his (su)
She= her (su)
It = its (su)
We = our (nuestro)
They = their (su)
Verb to be (ser o estar)
Present tense
Affirmative
I am
You / we / they are
He / she / it is
Negative
I am not
You/we/they aren't
He/she/it isn't
aren't = are not
isn't = is not
Interrogative
Am I ...?
Are you/we/they... ?
Is he/she/it...?
Past tense
Affirmative
I / he / she / it was
You / we / they were
Negative
I/he/she/it wasn't
You/we/they weren't
wasn't = was not
weren't = were not
Interrogative
Was I/he/she/it ...?
Were you/we/they... ?
1. Present simple
We use the simple present:
1_ for a state, unlimited by time: She lives in Chicago.
2_ for a routine or habit: They get up every morning at eight.
3_for thinks that are always true: Water freezes at zero degrees Centigrade.
Affirmative
I live here
you live here
he lives here
she lives here
it lives here
we live here
they live here
Negative
I don´t live here.
you live here
he doesn´t live here.
she doesn´t live here.
it doesn´t live here.
we don´t live here.
they don´t live here.
don't = do not
doesn't = does not
Interrogative
Do I live here?
Do you live here?
Does he live here?
Does she live here?
Does it live here?
Do we live here?
Do they live here?
1.1. Frecuency adverbs
Always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely and never are the most common frecuency adverbs. They tell us how often an event occurs.
They are placed between subject and verb, but sometimes, usually and often are also common at the beginning and end of clauses:
We always get to school by bus.
Sometimes I wonder why I talk to you at all!
They follow auxiliarity verbs, an the verb to be:
He is usually here at this time.
I have never seen a poisonous snake.
2. Present continuous
We use the present continuous:
1_ for an event happening at the moment of speaking: They are watching TV.
2_ for a state made to seem more temporary: He´s living with relatives at the moment.
Time expressions commonly used with the present continuous are at the moment and now.
Affirmative
I am eating my breakfast
you are eating your breakfast
he is eating his breakfast.
she is eating her breakfast.
it is eating its breakfast.
we are eating our breakfast
they are eating their breakfast
Negative
I am not eating my breakfast
you aren´t eating your breakfast.
he isn´t eating his breakfast.
she isn´t eating her breakfast.
it isn´t eating its breakfast.
we aren´t eating our breakfast.
they aren´t eating their breakfast.
Interrogative
Am I eating my breakfast?
Are you eating your breakfast?
Is he eating his breakfast.
Is she eating her breakfast.
Is it eating its breakfast.
Are we eating our breakfast.
Are they eating their breakfast.
There are some verbs that cannot normally be used in the continuous form. Verbs mainly used only in the simple form are:
1_ Know, understand, believe and similar verbs.
2_ Own, cost, belong to, contain, depend and similar verbs.
3_ Verbs of sensation such as see, hear and smell are often used with can or could.
-------
Avisen si algo está mal. Esto lo estoy sacando de mi viejo cuaderno de notas.
Saludos